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American College of Mortgage Attorneys — Partner with the Best®

Formed in 1974, the American College of Mortgage Attorneys (ACMA) is comprised of over 500 lawyers in North America who are experts in mortgage law.

United States

Kentucky

SECURITY INSTRUMENT USED

Instrument must: (1)&nbsp;set forth the mailing address of the lienholder; (2)&nbsp;state date and maturity of obligations theretofore or forthwith issued and secured thereby; (3)&nbsp;show amount of obligations secured; (4)&nbsp;set forth the property description; (5)&nbsp;set forth name and address of person who prepared instrument with a manual, facsimile or scanned PDF signature and (6)&nbsp;be notarized (mortgages executed outside Kentucky must contain a notary's seal). Additionally, mortgages taken to secure construction loans must recite that the mortgage secures a loan “for the purpose of erecting, improving or adding to a building”. The statutory short form of acknowledgment should be used, a form of which follows: COMMONWEALTH/STATE OF ___________&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) COUNTY OF ________________&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ) The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this ___ day of ___________, 20__, by _________________ as ___________________ of _________________, a ___________ limited liability company, on behalf of said limited liability company.

RECORDING REQUIREMENTS

My commission expires:_____________

My commission expires

My commission number: _____________ ___________________________ NOTARY PUBLIC

My commission number

Provisions in writing creating a lien on real property requiring a mortgagor to pay reasonable attorneys' fees incurred by the lienholder are enforceable. To be effective against a bona fide purchaser, the mortgage must be recorded in the office of the county clerk where the land, or the greater part thereof, is located. The better practice is to record the mortgage in the office of the county clerk in all counties in which any part of the land is located. If the instrument is to secure payment of sums due under a line of credit or revolving credit plan, the instrument must state that the parties intend that the instrument secure such sums. In such event, item (2) above does not apply although the better practice is to include that information in all mortgages. Finally, the mortgage must include the source of the mortgagor's title to the mortgaged property (KRS 382.290(2)). This is accomplished by adding the following language after the legal description of the mortgaged property: “Being the same property acquired by ________ deed dated __________, of record in the Office of the Clerk of ______ County, Kentucky, in Deed Book __, Page __.” For a leasehold mortgage, the proper source of title would be: “Being the same property leased by __________ pursuant to a lease evidenced by a memorandum of lease dated __________, of record in the Office of the Clerk of _____ County, Kentucky, in Deed Book __, Page __.” &nbsp;Assignment: In addition to the recording requirements listed above, mortgage assignments must (i) be recorded with the county clerk within 30 days of such assignment and (ii) state the mailing address of the assignee. Failure to record a mortgage of assignment does not affect the validity or perfection of a mortgage lien, however, such failure does subject the lienholder to a civil suit filed by the owner of the real property.

[SEAL]

STATUTES TO BE WAIVED

UNUSUAL TREATMENT OF STANDARD PROVISIONS

Term loans and line of credit/revolving credit loans are treated differently. For term loans, any lender's future advances may be covered by a mortgage if the mortgage by its terms expressly so provides and states the maximum additional indebtedness that may be secured. This requirement does not apply to advances that are in the nature of “protective advances” made to protect the lender's collateral. Advances made under a line of credit or revolving credit plan may be covered by a mortgage if the mortgage (1)&nbsp;states that the parties intend that the mortgage secures the line of credit or revolving credit plan, and (2)&nbsp;provides the maximum principal amount under the line of credit or the revolving credit plan that is to be secured by the mortgage.

SECURING FUTURE ADVANCES

Protective advances are secured if the mortgage provides the mortgage secures such advances.

SECURING PROTECTIVE ADVANCEMENTS TO PROTECT THE COLLATERAL

TRUSTEE UNDER DEED OF TRUST: N/A.

TRUSTEE UNDER DEED OF TRUST N/A.

Suit is filed, parties are served, contested issues are litigated, judgment entered, sale is ordered by plaintiff, Master Commissioner sells the property and files his report and if no exceptions are filed within 10 days, the sale is confirmed and the property is conveyed by Master Commissioner's Deed. If not contested, the process lasts approximately 6 to 9 months depending on the length and size of the Master Commissioner's sale docket.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE

To extinguish the borrower's equity of redemption, bids must be a minimum of 2/3 of the property's appraised value. Appraisers are appointed by court and are not required to have any appraiser certification, but instead must be “two disinterested intelligent housekeepers” of the county where the property is located.

FORECLOSURE BID REQUIREMENTS

If the real property sold did not bring 2/3 of its appraised value, a debtor may redeem the property within 6 months from the date of sale by paying the original purchase price money and 10% per annum interest thereon. If it has a lien on the property, the United States may retain a right of redemption under 28 U.S.C. &sect; 2410 regardless of the sale price.

REDEMPTION PERIOD AND PRICE

The right of redemption may be sold to satisfy the residue of a judgment (KRS 426.540), but the right of redemption may not be waived in advance.

WAIVER OF REDEMPTION; REDUCTION OF REDEMPTION PERIOD

The amount of a deficiency is determined by reducing the judgment value by the amount received via foreclosure sale. The plaintiff is allowed 15 years within which to collect the deficiency. Prayer for deficiency judgment should be included in complaint.

DEFICIENCIES

If the lease predates the mortgage, the foreclosure purchaser takes subject to the lease. If the lease was entered into subsequent to the mortgage, the foreclosure purchaser takes free and clear, subject to security terms in the lease, or terms of subordination, non-disturbance and attornment agreement between lender and tenant.

EFFECT OF FORECLOSURE ON LEASES

The Kentucky Court of Appeals ruled in an unpublished 2011 case that a plaintiff does not have standing to foreclose unless the assignment of mortgage to the plaintiff is executed before the complaint is filed. Augenstein v. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company, 2011 Ky. App. Unpub. LEXIS 137 (Ky. Ct. App. 2011). That opinion does not address the relevant Kentucky decisions on the issue, and Deutsche Bank failed to file a timely appellee brief with the Court. Also, it appears that the failure to execute the assignment beforehand is not entirely dispositive because the Court stated that Deutsche Bank failed to remedy its lack of standing before filing for summary judgment. In contrast, the Kentucky Court of Appeals in an unpublished 2020 decision affirmed that the appellee mortgagee had standing to bring a foreclosure action despite appellant mortgagor's argument that appellee failed to establish that it was the assignee of the note and mortgage at issue on the date the assignee filed the foreclosure action. Moore v. CitiMortgage, Inc., 2020 WL 6538752 (Ky. App. Nov 6, 2020). Citing Stevenson v. Bank of America, 359 S.W.3d 466 (Ky. App. 2011), the Moore court restated the longstanding Kentucky rule that the holder of a note is entitled to enforce the note. Moore, 2020 WL 6538752 at *1. A holder is the person in possession of a negotiable instrument that is payable either to bearer or to an identified person that is the person in possession. Stevenson, 359 S.W.3d at 469. KRS 355.1-210(2)(u). The appellee mortgagee both had physical possession of the note, which was endorsed in blank, and was the servicer of the loan. Bankruptcy trustees have successfully avoided a number of Kentucky mortgages because a mortgagor is not defined as a “borrower” in the definition section of the mortgage even though the mortgagor executes the mortgage as a “borrower.” Schlarman v. Chase Home Finance, LLC (In re Padgitt), 2008 Bankr. LEXIS 3063 (Bankr. E.D. Ky. 2008). In most of these cases, one spouse is the borrower on the loan and the non-borrower spouse signs the mortgage to release any interest he or she may have in the property.

RECENT KENTUCKY CASES OF NOTE

The legal rate of interest is 8% per annum. Special usury statutes may apply to loans made by banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, consumer loan companies, and industrial loan corporations

USURY CEILING

Kentucky's general usury statute provides that any party or parties may agree, in writing, for the payment of interest in excess of 8% as follows: (1)&nbsp;at a per annum rate not to exceed 4% in excess of the discount rate on 90-day commercial paper in effect at the Federal Reserve Bank in the Federal Reserve District where the transaction is consummated or 19%, whichever is less, on money due or to become due upon any contract or other obligation in writing where the original principal amount is $15,000, or less, and (2)&nbsp;at any rate on money due or to become due upon any contract or other obligation in writing where the original principal amount is in excess of $15,000. KRS 360.010.

USURY EXCEPTIONS

UCC-1 Financing Statement covering personal property of an entity organized in Kentucky must be filed with the Kentucky Secretary of State. For non-Kentucky entities, the law of the entity's state of organization controls location of filing. For individuals, the state in which the principal residence of the individual is located controls the location of filing. Kentucky became a central filing state under the UCC in July&nbsp;2001.

LOCATIONS FOR FILING

A fixture filing is a filing in the office where the mortgage on the real estate would be filed or recorded. Security instrument may be used as a fixture filing if (1)&nbsp;the instrument indicates the goods or accounts that it covers, (2)&nbsp;the goods are or are to become fixtures related to the real property described in the instrument or the collateral is related to the real property described in the instrument, (3)&nbsp;the instrument satisfies the requirements for a financing statement other than an indication that it is to be filed in the real property records; and (4)&nbsp;the instrument is recorded.

SECURITY INSTRUMENT USED AS FIXTURE FILING

No guarantee that is not written on the instrument being guaranteed shall be valid or enforceable unless it is in writing, signed by the guarantor, and (1)&nbsp;expressly refers to the instrument(s) being guaranteed, or (2)&nbsp;contains provisions specifying the amount of the maximum aggregate liability of the guarantor thereunder, and the date the guarantee terminates. Termination of the guaranty on the termination date does not affect the liability of the guarantor with respect to (a) obligations created or incurred prior to the date of termination or (b) extensions or renewals of interest accruing on, or fees, costs of expenses incurred with respect to the obligations on or after the date of termination. A guaranty may, in addition to the maximum aggregate liability of the guarantor, guarantee payment of interest accruing on the guaranteed indebtedness, and fees, charges and costs of collecting the guaranteed indebtedness, including reasonable attorneys' fees, without specifying the amount of interest, fees, charges, and costs.

UNUSUAL PROVISIONS OR REQUIREMENTS

SPECIAL PROBLEMS IN ENFORCEMENT

An in personam judgment against guarantors may be taken before, during, or after entry of the foreclosure judgment and order of sale against the borrower, but before the expiration of the 10-year statute of limitations to enforce the guaranty (KRS 413.090, 413.160). A deficiency judgment may (but need not) be established by motion in the foreclosure case after the net proceeds of the sale have been distributed. No valuation hearing is held. The judgment creditor may enforce its judgment by (1)&nbsp;a judgment lien attaching to all real property of the guarantor/judgment debtor in the county in which notice is recorded (KRS 426.720), or (2)&nbsp;by garnishment (KRS 425.501) and/or execution (KRS 426.010). As a practical matter, guaranty enforcement is rare in the context of commercial foreclosure because (1)&nbsp;the loans are often non-recourse, or recourse is limited to environmental or bad-actor liabilities, and (2)&nbsp;recourse loan guarantors routinely shed personal liability through a chapter 7 bankruptcy discharge.

ISSUES AND GUIDELINES RELATED TO SEEKING/OBTAINING DEFICIENCY JUDGMENTS

Action to recover real estate may be brought only within 15 years after the right to institute it first accrued to the plaintiff, or the person through whom he claims. KRS 413.010.

STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS PERIOD

A secured party of record may release all or part of any collateral described in a filed financing statement. The statement of release is sufficient if it contains a description of the collateral being released (if only a partial termination is involved), the name of the secured party authorizing the termination, and the file number of the financing statement. A mortgagee must release its mortgage within 30 days of the date of satisfaction. Release may be accomplished by noting such release in the margin of the recorded mortgage or by executing and recording a deed of release. The deed of release is sufficient if it (1)&nbsp;contains the name of the mortgagee and the name of the mortgagor, (2)&nbsp;refers to the date, book and page number of the recorded mortgage, (3)&nbsp;is executed by the mortgagee, (4)&nbsp;is properly notarized, and (5)&nbsp;contains the name, address and manual or facsimile signature of the individual who prepared the deed of release.

REQUIREMENTS FOR RELEASE OF LIEN

Federal bankruptcy exemptions apply in Kentucky.

HOMESTEAD ISSUES

Doctrine is not applicable in Kentucky.

COMMUNITY PROPERTY

A tax of $4 shall be paid on each mortgage, financing statement, and security agreement.

MORTGAGE TAX

No stamps are required by state law on any written instruments.

DOCUMENTARY STAMP TAX

Tax shall be imposed upon the grantor named in the deed at a rate of $0.50 for each $500 of value or fraction thereof, subject to certain exceptions. KRS 142.050. No transfer tax is required on a foreclosure sale or deed in lieu thereof.

TRANSFER TAX

: Provisions in agreements fixing forum are given effect unless provisions attempt to oust state of judicial jurisdiction or are unfair or unreasonable or against public policy.

ENFORCEABILITY OF AGREEMENTS AS TO CHOICE OF LAW

The court may appoint a receiver either (1)&nbsp;under KRS 425.600 where there is danger of the borrower committing waste or losing, removing, or materially injuring the property or in the case of preferential transfers by insolvent debtors, or (2)&nbsp;where the borrower has contractually agreed to the appointment. Thompson v. Branch Banking & Trust Co., 2008-CA-1217 (Ky. Ct. App. Unpub., June 12, 2009).

RECEIVERSHIP

PROHIBITION OR SPECIAL RULES REGARDING LOAN APPLICATION, LOAN FEES OR COMMITMENT FEES

KRS 286.2-670 describes activities in which a foreign lender may engage without being deemed to transact business in Kentucky. They include (1)&nbsp;lending money or purchasing loans secured by property located in Kentucky if such activities are carried on outside Kentucky or within Kentucky by independent parties; (2)&nbsp;the receipt of principal and interest on such loans; (3)&nbsp;inspecting loan collateral located in Kentucky if such inspections are not made by a resident employee of the foreign lending institution; (4)&nbsp;servicing the loans through independent contractors qualified to do business in Kentucky; (5)&nbsp;bringing or defending in Kentucky courts any suits pertaining to the loans; (6)&nbsp;acquiring title to property located in Kentucky as a consequence of any foreclosure or related action and pending the sale or other orderly disposition of the property; (7)&nbsp;modifying, renewing, extending, transferring or selling loans or accepting additional or substitute security therefor or releasing the security therefor or accepting of substitute or additional obligors thereon if the activities are carried on from outside Kentucky by the lender or carried on within Kentucky by independent agencies; and (8)&nbsp;maintaining bank accounts in banks authorized or licensed to do business in Kentucky. KRS 286.2-680 specifies that lenders whose activities are limited to those referenced in the statute are not required to qualify to do business in Kentucky. In addition, KRS 14A.9-010 provides that a foreign corporation shall not be considered to be transacting business in Kentucky for purposes of requiring qualification with the Secretary of State of Kentucky by reason of any of the following activities, among others: (1)&nbsp;carrying on litigation here; (2)&nbsp;securing or collecting debts or enforcing mortgages and security interests in real or personal property; (3)&nbsp;holding directors' and shareholders' meetings here; (4)&nbsp;maintaining bank accounts here; (5)&nbsp;soliciting orders here, where such orders require acceptance outside Kentucky; (6)&nbsp;creating evidences of debt, mortgages or liens on real or personal property located in Kentucky; (7)&nbsp;owning, without more, real or personal property; and (8)&nbsp;transacting any business in interstate commerce. If a lender engages in activities beyond those specified above or in the referenced statutes, it may have to obtain a certificate of authority from the Secretary of State in order to do business in Kentucky.

LENDER QUALIFICATION AND/OR LICENSURE

Many Kentucky county clerks have taken the position that only certain types of mortgage modifications are permitted. These clerks interpreted a Kentucky statute (KRS 382.297) to say that only modifications that extended the term of the mortgage, reduced the principal balance of the obligations secured by the mortgage, or corrected purely clerical errors in the mortgage were permitted. In essence, these clerks were performing substantive reviews of the modifications presented to them for recording and were rejecting modifications that did anything more than that permitted by their narrow interpretation of the statute. A Kentucky Attorney General Opinion (OAG 09-002) rejected that interpretation of the statute. That opinion instead supports the view that any mortgage modification that meets the general requirements for recordation of a mortgage should be accepted by the clerks and recorded on the same basis as a mortgage.

MODIFICATION

Pursuant to KRS 224.1-400, the Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet shall have a lien against the real and personal property of a person liable for the actual and necessary costs expended in response to a release or threatened release or an environmental emergency. If a financial institution that is exempted from liability by the above-described statute conveys the site it has acquired, then the Cabinet shall have a lien against the site for the actual and necessary costs expended in response to a release or threatened release or an environmental emergency. In both of the cases described above, the Cabinet is required to file the lien with the county clerk of the county in which the property of the person is located. The statute does not provide for priority, so the lien has priority from filing under normal rules of lien priority.

ENVIRONMENTAL LIEN LAW ISSUES

Kentucky does not have a local bar opinion report that articulates standard accepted opinion practices for the jurisdiction.

LEGAL OPINIONS

<ol>
 <li> INCEPTION OF LIEN: The lien of a mortgage including a mortgage securing sums due under a line of credit or revolving credit plan, shall be superior to any liens or encumbrances of any kind created or arising after recordation of the mortgage, even to the extent of sums advanced by the lender with actual or constructive notice of a subsequently created lien, but the lien shall be inferior to:</li>
</ol> <ul>
 <li>Real estate tax liens and liens for public improvement assessments explicitly stated by statute to be superior to other non-tax liens;</li>
 <li>Any construction funds advanced under, or any additional indebtedness authorized by the mortgage and secured by, the lien of any mortgage recorded prior to the lender's mortgage.</li>
 <li>Any sums specifically authorized to be advanced under any mortgage recorded prior to the lender's mortgage, or paid on account of, taxes, charges, fines, and assessments against covering the property described in the mortgage or to effect insurance thereon if the prior mortgage provides for such protective advances, charges, fines and assessments; or</li>
 <li>Valid mechanics' or materialmen's liens, with respect to which all filing and other requirements have been satisfied, for the performance of labor or furnishing of materials. KRS 376.010(1). With respect to a mortgage securing sums due under a line of credit or a revolving credit plan, valid mechanics' or materialmen's liens, with respect to which all filing and other requirements have been satisfied, for the performance of labor or furnishing of materials, with respect to an owner-occupied, single or double-family dwelling, but only to the extent of sums advanced by the lender after the filing of the mechanic's lien statement required per Kentucky law as to mechanics' or materialmen's liens. KRS 382.385(3).</li>
</ul> NOTE: A mechanics' or materialman's lien on the land or improvements shall be superior to any mortgage or encumbrance created subsequent to the beginning of the labor or the furnishing of the materials, and the lien shall relate back and take effect from the time of the commencement of the labor or the furnishing of the materials. KRS 376.010(1). In order to take precedence over a mortgage or other contract lien or bona fide conveyance for value without notice, duly recorded or lodged for record according to law, the person claiming the prior lien must, prior to the recording of the mortgage or other contact lien or conveyance, file a statement with the county clerk showing that he has furnished or expects to furnish labor or materials and the full amount thereof. KRS 376.010(2). <ol>
 <li> PRIORITY AS TO REMOVABLE FIXTURES:</li>
</ol>

LABOR AND MATERIALMEN'S LIEN CLAIMS —PRIORITY ISSUES

Any person who, with actual or constructive notice of a recorded real property mortgage or vendor's lien, and without written consent of the record holder thereof, purchases, severs or removes from the land covered by the mortgage or lien, any standing timber, buildings, minerals, or improvements in the nature of fixtures real, covered by and included in the mortgage or lien, and who converts such property to his own use, shall take such property subject to the mortgage or vendor's liens, and the respective priorities thereof, and shall be liable to the holders of the mortgages or liens for a return of such property or for the reasonable market value thereof at the time of the purchase or severance or removal and conversion thereof at the option of the holder of the mortgage or lien.

Real fixtures.

A security interest in fixtures is subordinate to a construction mortgage recorded before the goods become fixtures if the goods become fixtures before the completion of the construction. To the extent that it is given to refinance a construction mortgage, a mortgage has this priority to the same extent as the construction mortgage.

Personal fixtures with security interests.

Kentucky lenders usually follow guidelines prescribed by American Land Title Association (also known as ALTA). This is an organization composed of title insurance companies that have adopted certain insurance policy forms to standardize coverage on a national basis. The Loan Policy, generally a 2021 ALTA Form, issued to the Lender requires that said policy contain the following information: “Schedule A” will state the name of the Title Company, the amount of insurance (which is the amount of the mortgage), the premium and premium tax if any, and the date of the policy (which is the date and time that the mortgage is recorded). “Schedule A” further states the name of the insured (which is the Lender). The policy also includes a paragraph that describes the estate or interest in the land that is encumbered by the insured mortgage (i.e. “fee simple with survivorship, by deed dated _______, and recorded in Deed Book __, Page __, in the office of the _____ County Clerk on _______ (date and time).”) The mortgage and assignments are described as follows: “Mortgage from ______ (Borrower) to _______ (Lender), dated _______, and recorded in Mortgage Book __, Page __, in the office of the ______ County Clerk on (date recorded).” The final requirement on “Schedule A” is the land referred to in the policy be described as set forth in the insured Mortgage. You may simply insert the legal description used on the Deed. Such legal description is often listed as “Schedule C”. “Schedule B” will contain the exceptions from coverage. Schedule B Part I does not insure against specific loss or damage (and the Company will not pay costs, attorneys' fees or expenses) that arise by reason of: (1)&nbsp;Rights or claims of parties other than Insured in actual possession of any or all of the property, or (2)&nbsp;Unrecorded easements, discrepancies or conflicts in boundary lines, shortage in area and encroachments that an accurate and complete survey would disclose. Any General or Special Exceptions should also be inserted. Unless Schedule B Part II is attached there are no subordinate matters that affect the title to the estate or interest referred to in Schedule A. Part II states that in addition to the matters set forth in Part I of the Schedule, the title to the estate or interest in the land described or referred to in Schedule A is subject to the following matters, if any be shown, but the Company insures that such matters are subordinate to the lien or change of the insured mortgage upon said estate or interest.

FORM USUALLY REQUIRED BY LENDER

Which endorsements are required by a lender will necessarily depend upon the facts and circumstances of the loan and the property to be&nbsp;mortgaged. The most commonly requested endorsements are:&nbsp; <ul>
 <li>ALTA Endorsement Form 8.1 (Environmental Protection Lien);</li>
 <li>ALTA Endorsement From 9-06 (Restrictions, Easements&nbsp;and Minerals); and</li>
 <li>ALTA Endorsement Form 6&nbsp;(Variable Rate Mortgage).</li>
</ul> &nbsp; Other endorsements may be requested by lenders and are generally available&nbsp;for a nominal&nbsp;payment of additional title insurance premium, upon completion of appropriate due diligence by the title agent and/or title company:&nbsp; <ul>
 <li>Accuracy of Survey (or “Same As”)&nbsp;Endorsement&nbsp;(Form 25-06);</li>
 <li>Subdivision Endorsement&nbsp;(Form 26);</li>
 <li>Separate Tax Parcel Endorsement&nbsp;(Form 18-06);</li>
 <li>Usury Endorsement&nbsp;(Form 27);</li>
 <li>Non-Imputation Endorsement&nbsp;(Form 15-06);</li>
 <li>Access and Entry (Form 17-06); and</li>
 <li>Utility Access (Form 17.2-06).</li>
</ul> &nbsp; The only endorsement that generally involves payment of a&nbsp;significant&nbsp;title insurance premium is&nbsp;the&nbsp;Zoning Endorsement (either Form 3 for&nbsp;vacant&nbsp;land, or Form 3.1 for a completed structure).&nbsp; &nbsp;

Kentucky

Mortgage Law Summary

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Mortgage Law Summary for Kentucky

Kentucky

Mortgage Law Summary

Continue reading theMortgage Law Summary for Kentucky

Continue reading the
Mortgage Law Summary for Kentucky